Մանուկյան Մարտին 020
____________________________________________________________
PARLIAMENT AS A COUNTERBALANCE TO THE EXECUTIVE POWER
Martin Manukyan
Lecturer of the Department of Jurisprudence of the Yerevan
University "Gladzor", member of the Chamber of Advocates of
the Republic of Armenia, Advocate, Candidate of Legal Sciences
___________________________________________________
Abstract. The article presents the historical forms (stages) of the emergence, development and formation of parliament, reveals the interdependence of parliament and parliamentarism, the legal foundations of parliamentarism as a form of representative democracy, highlights the characteristic features of parliament and parliamentarism, as well as the types of modern parliamentarism, conditioned by the peculiarities of the political system (regime) and form of government. The author of the article examines in detail that the formation of parliamentarism in different countries depended on specific conditions and various socio-economic and political factors, which resulted in the emergence of a popular veto, expanding the right of the masses to participate in government. The author also argues that the evolution of parliamentarism, its transition from one stage to another are conditioned by political, socio-economic, cultural and spiritual changes. Each stage, fulfilling its historical mission, creates the preconditions for the transition to a different qualitative situation. According to the author, social thought also played a significant role in this.
Keywords: Antiquity, Council of Four Hundred, Council of Five Hundred, Senate, Parliament, Parliamentarism, Government, Class representation, Political system, State structure, mature forms of parliamentarism.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.63925/18294847-2025.op20-05